FACTORS AFFECTING LIVESTOCK HERD SIZE IN THE LEPELLE-NKUMPI MUNICIPALITY OF LIMPOPO PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA: A CASE OF SMALLHOLDER CATTLE FARMERS

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate factors affecting cattle herd size in the Lepelle-Nkumpi Municipality, Limpopo Province. Method: A proportionate random sampling technique was used and a total of 261 smallholder cattle farmers were selected as participants in this study. Primary data were obtained using a well-structured questionnaire, where the participants were interviewed face to face. The data obtained were captured and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.0. Descriptive statistics and ordinary least squares (OLS), using a multiple linear regression model, were employed to analyse factors affecting cattle herd size in the study area. Results and conclusion: Descriptive statistics results revealed that the prevailing factors that affect cattle herd size in the study area included the following: draught; practical knowledge; no/lack of; maintenance; water circulation; access to good breeding stock; poor market prices; grazing land; stock theft; insufficient or no breeding stock and pests/parasites. The OLS regression results, derived from a multiple linear regression model, revealed the variables that significantly affected cattle herd size, and this included age, household size, sales per year, livestock keeping, and planted pasture. Most farmers (91.4%) would like to increase their livestock numbers. It was recommended that extension services should be encouraged, training should be provided, and stakeholders should be engaged to help cattle farmers in the study area. Policies aimed at improving livestock production among smallholder farmers should be informed by the factors and determinates found in this study. Value: This study contributes useful information for potential livestock farmers. In addition, the outcome of this study could be used as the basis for informed policy formulation to improve livestock production which will ultimately improve food security status of farmers.