FACTORS AFFECTING CONTACT DERMATITIS ON PALM OIL PLANTATION WORKERS OF PT. X IN SEMITAU SUB-DISTRICT

Abstract

The prevalence of occupational skin diseases reaches 20% up to 70% around the world. Occupational contact dermatitis cases reached 1.3-8.1 per 10,000 full-time workers per year in two decades. This research aims to identify the relationship between predisposing factors, enabling factors, and reinforcing factors on the contact dermatitis cases on palm oil plantation workers of PT. X in Semitau Subdistrict. This study design was a cross-sectional involving 72 samples. The independent variables covered age, gender, level of knowledge, use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), tenure, chemical contact, personal hygiene, history of occupational dermatitis, occupational history, and Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3). Then, the dependent variable was occupational dermatitis cases. A total of 54.2% of respondent suffered from occupational dermatitis. Some respondent were elderly (43.1%) and most of the subject were female (62.5%). The respondents had a good level of knowledge (37.5%), good personal hygiene (52.8%), and use complete PPE (25%). A total of 51.4% of respondent did not have chemical contacts and those who have <2 years of tenure reached 45.8%. Most of the subjects did not have an occupational history (81.9%) and occupational dermatitis history (75%). Half of the subjects had a good level of application of SMK3. Chi-Square Test results showed significant values of personal hygiene, use of PPE, and a history of the disease (<0.05) with p values of <0.05. There is a strong relationship between personal hygiene, the use of PPE, and the history of occupational dermatitis on palm oil plantation workers of PT. X in Semitau Subdistrict.