Factors affecting Bone Mineral Density in Type 2 Diabetic Female Patients Referred to Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry Scan (DXA-Scan)

Abstract

Objectives: To identify factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) female patients referred to DXA-Scan. Method: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at tertiary care hospital in Ajman, United Arab Emi rates (UAE), and reviewed electronic hospital records for patients referred to DXA-Scan. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 569 were enrolled in the study; diabetic and control groups. Results: Diabetic group showed significantly higher percent of liver impairment (p ≤ 0.01), renal impairment (p ≤ 0.001), and had significantly higher comorbid conditions such as depression (p ≤ 0.01), hypertension (p ≤ 0.001), dyslipidemia (p ≤ 0.001), Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) (p ≤ 0.001) and osteoarthritis (p ≤ 0.01), as well as taking significantly higher medications compared with control group. The result from stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMD in the diabetic group can be predicted by weight, height, body mass index, age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, stroke, hypothyroidism, fracture, and taking thyroid hormone, oral steroids and anticonvulsant with variation based on skeletal site. Conclusion: Many diseases and medication-related variables can predict BMD values in diabetic and control groups.