FACTORS AFFECT ON THE TOTAL POLYSACCHARIDE CONTENT IN GANODERMA LUCIDUM (LEYSS EX.FR.) KARST, GANODERMATACEAE

Abstract

Background: Ganoderma lucidum is a precious remedy with the active ingredient polysaccharides effective in treating diseases such as diabetes, hepatitis, cancer, etc. During cultivation, factors such as harvest time, temperature, and humidity affect the obtained polysaccharide content. At the same time, in the extraction process, the polysaccharide content is also affected by the material/solvent ratio, extraction time, extraction temperature, and the number of repetitions of extraction. Objectives: To determine the growing conditions and the time of harvesting and extracting conditions of Ganoderma lucidum with the highest polysaccharide content. Materials and methods: Using phenol-sulfuric acid reagent (concentrated) to determine the polysaccharide content, the growth stage and extraction conditions leading to the most polysaccharide content. Results: The highest polysaccharide content was obtained in mushrooms on the 75th day, based on bagasse with growing environments from the 1st to the 34th day: temperature of 25-30⁰C and humidity of 60-70%; that from the 35th to the 67th day: temperature of 22-28 ⁰C and humidity of 80-90%; that from the 68th to the 75th day: temperature of 22-28⁰C and humidity of 60-70%. The best extraction conditions: medicinal/solvent ratio: 1/40, temperature: 80⁰C, time: 90 minutes, and the number of extractions: 3 times. Conclusion: Ganoderma lucidum should be grown, harvested, and extracted under the above conditions to obtain the highest polysaccharide content.