Factorial Validation of a Corporate Social Responsibility Perception Scale for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises

Martha Rã­Os Manrã­Quez,Celina Lã³Pez Mateo,Juliã¡N Ferrer Guerra

doi:10.22610/imbr.v8i5.1457

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this study is obtaining a valid and reliable scale to evaluate the Corporate Social Responsibility perception level (pCSR) of micro, small, and medium-sized Mexican enterprises. A literature review revealed 58 items among 11 dimensions: Ethics, performance, business model changes, quality of working life, the environment, community outreach, marketing, philanthropy, competitiveness, and the interests of stakeholders. A total of 296 companies located in Mexico were considered for the study. Principal axis factoring with varimax rotation was performed with the Exploratory Factorial Analysis Technique (EFA) to give an interpretation to the pCSR in the Mexican context. The factors found are the environment and social commitment, performance, ethics, change in business model, restrictions, and competitiveness. The outcomes show that the scale is valid and reliable for use in evaluating pCSR in micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises. This scale is a tool that allows us to evaluate the social responsibility of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises, we conclude that considering the characteristics of Latin America, we have provided an original scale to measure pCSR.

Highlights

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a methodology that organizations are incorporating into their businesses for philanthropic reasons due to pressure from stakeholders or for convenience
With the aim of obtaining a valid and reliable scale to evaluate the perception levels of corporate social responsibility (pCSR) of micro, small, and medium-sized Mexican enterprises, the Exploratory Factorial Analysis Technique (EFA) was applied, with principal components factor extraction, using the Varimax method of orthogonal rotation
It is evident that CSR is an important topic worldwide for individuals, businesses, and countries, all concerned about the repercussions of their actions

Summary

Introduction

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a methodology that organizations are incorporating into their businesses for philanthropic reasons due to pressure from stakeholders or for convenience They adopt CSR as a strategy to improve competitiveness, to become more sustainable, and to improve their quality of life (FUNDES, 2005:26). Many believe that small and medium-sized businesses are not interested in being socially responsible, or they do not have the capacity to do so (Castka et al, 2004; ShoenbergerOrgard, 2005; Jenkins, 2004) This could not be further from the truth, as these kinds of companies have flexible operations, rapid communications channels (Margolis, 2001), their business value chain (Argandoña, 2008), and their local involvement. Regulation of CSR behavior CSR behavior having reduced fiscal responsibilities Impacts on production processes Impact on the budget Changes in the organizational structure

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Conclusion