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Abstract
Factorial optimization and kinetics of coal washery effluent (CWE) coag-flocculation by Moringa oleifera seed has been investigated at room temperature based on standard method of bench scale jar test. Moringa oleifera coag-flocculant (MOC) was produced according to work reported by Ghebremichael. A 23 full factorial central composite design was employed for the experimental design and analysis of results with respect to optimization. The combined effects of pH, dosage and settling time on the particle (turbidity) removal was studied using response surface methodology. Kinetic data generated were confronted with specified kinetic models for the evaluation of functional kinetics parameters. The optimal values of pH, dosage and settling time were recorded at 8,400mg/l and 25 min, respectively. The results of the major kinetic parameters recorded are 2,0.002l/mg.min, and 0.79 min for order of reaction, coag-flocculation reaction rate constant and coagulation period, respectively. The minimum removal efficiency recorded was 95% at 3mins of coag-flocculation. The results, while re affirming MOC as efficient coag-flocculant, confirmed that theory of perikinetics holds for the studied system at the conditions of the experiment.
Highlights
Coag-flocculation process is an established technology for the protection of environmental and human health with wide applications in water and waste water treatment facilities
Factorial optimization and kinetics of coal washery effluent (CWE) coag-flocculation by Moringa oleifera seed has been investigated at room temperature based on standard method of bench scale jar test
Coag-flocculation is optimized for the removal of inorganic colloids, dissolved natural organic load, microbes and color which are typical composition of coal washery effluent [1,2,3,4]
Summary
Coag-flocculation process is an established technology for the protection of environmental and human health with wide applications in water and waste water treatment facilities. Coag-flocculation is a core and usually the first unit process in water treatment and it is very important for the removal of suspended and dissolved particles (SDP). It is the act of destabilizing stable colloidal particles in suspension, such that they can agglomerate into settleable flocs. There has been increasing advocacy for the research in and the use of natural coag-flocculants such as MOC, as an alternative to the synthetic ones, especially in developing country like Nigeria where portable water supply is highly limited. The situation in Nigeria is typical of water system in developing countries and the results of this study can be applied to a number of similar situations in order to improve the quality of water supply and protect the environment
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