Factorial and criterion validity of the Role Ambiguity Scale – Brief (RASB) in team sport contexts

Abstract

ABSTRACT Role clarity/ambiguity represents the degree to which group members understand their role responsibilities within their group. Previous research has shown that greater role clarity perceptions held by athletes are associated with numerous adaptive outcomes. Most research in this area has used the Role Ambiguity Scale (RAS) to assess role clarity; however, its length (i.e., 40 items) poses practical challenges. In addition, previous research has provided mixed findings regarding the factor structure of role clarity assessed based on responses to the RAS. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a 12-item measure of role clarity in team sport contexts (Role Ambiguity Scale-Brief; RASB). Based on data from 440 current or former competitive interdependent sport athletes, exploratory structural equation modelling was used to examine the factor structure of role clarity assessed through responses to the RASB. Measurement invariance was tested in terms of gender, starting status, participation status (i.e., current vs. former athletes), and age group (i.e., youth vs. adult). Criterion validity was assessed by examining whether dimensions of role clarity predicted dimensions of role satisfaction. The results provided support for a three-factor structure of role clarity that included dimensions of role scope/behaviour, role evaluation, and role consequences. Measurement invariance was also supported. The dimensions of role clarity accounted for substantial variance in all dimensions of role satisfaction, demonstrating evidence of criterion validity. Overall, the RASB provides an option for researchers to assess athletes’ role clarity in a concise manner.