Abstract
Introduction: Non-carious lesions are an oral health pro-blem in adults, consequently it is necessary to create mechanisms for their diagnosis and prevention. Objective: To determine the frequency of erosion, abrasion and related factors in patients treated at a university dental clinic. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 153 adults treated at a university clinic in Lima, Peru, in 2018. Personal aspects (age, sex, characteristics of saliva), dietary factors, health condition, oral habits, and tooth brushing were identified. The presence of abrasion was determined according to clinical criteria through direct observation. Erosion was identified using the Basic Erosive Wear index. Generalized linear models with Poisson distribution with robust variances were used. Results: The frequency of dental abrasion (70.6%) is higher than erosion (26.1%). The presence of erosion is associated with asthma (PR= 2.11), abrasion is related to age and poor dental hygiene habits (PR= 1.67 and 1.30, respectively). Conclusion: The presence of dental abrasion is greater than dental erosion. Age and poor dental habits are factors associated with tooth abrasion. The characteristics of saliva regarding pH and salivary flow were within normal p-values.
Highlights
Non-carious lesions are an oral health problem in adults, it is necessary to create mechanisms for their diagnosis and prevention
The present study shows that abrasion is more common than erosion
The presence of abrasion is related to an incorrect dental habit, and the older age of the participants, coinciding with data reported by other authors and the etiology of these lesions.[14,30]
Summary
Non-carious lesions are an oral health problem in adults, it is necessary to create mechanisms for their diagnosis and prevention. Non-carious dental lesions are the wearing away of tooth surfaces They have a multifactorial etiology[1] and are classified as: abrasion, erosion and abfraction. Dental erosion occurs due to the chemical action of acids, with no bacterial involvement These acids can be of intrinsic or extrinsic origin or a combination of both.[3,4] Intrinsic factors may correspond to gastroesophageal reflux, vomiting, bulimia, anorexia, and decreased salivary flow that generates acid saliva and poor salivary buffering capacity.[5,6,7] Among the extrinsic factors there are the consumption of acidic foods such as soft drinks, fruits (apples, lemons, oranges), natural sugary juices or drinks that can lower the salivary pH, the use of medications, and swimming in pools.[8,9,10]
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