Factores relacionados con la empatía en estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad de Cartagena

Abstract

To determine empathy levels and its relationship with sociodemographic, academic and family factors in nursing students. Cross-sectional study, 196 nursing students were randomly selected at the University of Cartagena, Colombia. A questionnaire that asked about sociodemographic, family and academic factors and the Scale of Physician Empathy Jefferson-version S were applied. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the normality assumption. t Student, ANOVA, Pearson test and simple linear regression were used to establish the relationship (p<0.05). The global empathy score was 108.6±14.6; statistically significant associations between global empathy with the training year (p=0.004) and grade point average (R(2)=0.058; p=0.001; r=0.240) were found. Moreover, the "perspective taking" dimension with provenance (rural/urban) (p=0.010) and family functioning (p=0.003); the "compassionate care" dimension with the training year (p=0.002) and the "putting themselves in the place of the patient" dimension with academic performance (p=0.034). The empathy levels in nursing students may vary depending on various personal and academic factors,these characteristics should be taken into account for implementing teaching strategies to promote higher empathy levels since the early training years.