Factores determinantes de las hospitalizaciones evitables por diabetes tipo 2. Revisión narrativa

Abstract

ObjectiveTo identify the structural and intermediate determinants associated with avoidable hospitalizations (AH) of patients with type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DesignLiterature review based on narrative synthesis. Data sourcesDatabases: PubMed, Science Direct, and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS). Study selectionDocuments were selected and analyzed under a critical literature review, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data extractionInformation extracted from each selected article was synthesized based on the countries’ income levels and the social determinants of health framework. ResultsA total of 4,166 articles were relevant, 36 were selected for review. From this selection, 21 were publications conducted in high-income countries, 14 in upper-middle-income countries, and one in lower-middle-income countries. The review identified that the coverage of health services —mainly primary health care— and health insurance contribute to reducing the risk of AH for T2DM, while social inequalities tend to increase the risk. ConclusionsThe AH due to T2DM are susceptible to reduction through policies that contribute to increasing effective access to health services (availability, insurance), since they express social inequality, occurring to a greater extent in socioeconomically vulnerable populations. This review also provides evidence of the need to expand research on this topic in middle and low-income countries.