Factores de riesgo vascular en pacientes infectados por el VIH en un centro penitenciario

Abstract

Objective There is little data regarding vascular risk factors (VRF) in HIV-infected inmates. In this study, we have studied the prevalence of VRF in HIV-infected patients, analyzing the differences with a non-infected population. Patients and method HIV-infected inmates (n = 80) and two non-HIV controls selected for each patient and matched for age and sex (n = 160) were included in a descriptive cross-sectional study. We analyzed the VRF, and risk was assessed according to the SCORE, Framingham and REGICOR functions. Results In the studied population (mean age: 38.1 years; 92.5% men), HIV-infected patients had a significantly higher prevalence of cigarette smoking (97.5 vs 78.8%), diabetes (8.8 vs 1.3%), serum triglycerides > 150 mg/dl (43.8 vs 26.3%), low HDL-cholesterol levels (61.3 vs 40.6%), HCV infection (87.5 vs 22.5%), and cocaine consumption (77.5 vs 39.4%). The non-infected group had significantly higher prevalence of total cholesterol > 200 mg/dl and/or LDL-cholesterol >130 mg/dl (45.6 vs 28.8%), obesity (14.4 vs 2.5%), sedentary lifestyle (67.5 vs 42.5%) and increased waist circumference (14.4 vs 3.8%). All the evaluated inmates were considered to be at a low risk by SCORE and REGICOR, and 1.3% to be at a high risk by Framingham in both groups. Conclusion The prevalence of VRF in HIV-infected patients of the studied prison was much higher to that of the HIV-negative subjects. However, the estimation of the cardiovascular risk was low.