Abstract
Introduction: Preconception assessment and counseling provide an opportunity to inform women about fertility and gestational issues, identify pregnancy risks to the mother and fetus, educate about these risks and institute appropriate interventions prior to conception. Objective: to identify preconception reproductive risk factors in women of childbearing age at the 60th Medical Clinic of the 1st of January Polyclinic in the period 2021-2023. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe was constituted by 21 women of fertile age from 15 to 49 years old, being the sample 18 women. Percentage was used as the unit of measurement. Results: The age group 18-35 years was predominant (77,8 %) and overweight with 39 %. Regarding obstetric history, there was a high prevalence of short inter-gestational period (13 %), followed by anemia (9,6 %). There was a high prevalence of bronchial asthma with 25,8 % with 8 patients within the chronic noncommunicable diseases. The predominant harmful substance was smoking with 12 women (38,7 %). As the most used contraceptive method, 17 women were found to use IUD, representing 54,8 %. Conclusions: it is essential to communicate and educate women of childbearing age about the important list of maternal-perinatal risk factors that can be reduced or controlled at this stage.
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