Abstract
BackgroundPreeclampsia can lead to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. There are few studies on the association of preeclampsia with thrombophilia in Africa including Sudan.MethodsA case –controls study was conducted at Saad Abualila Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan during the period of February through November 2017. The cases were women with preeclampsia and healthy pregnant women were the controls (180 women in each arm of the study). Genotyping for Factor-V Leiden 1691G/A and Prothrombin gene variation 20210G/A was done by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP).ResultsThere was no significant difference in the age, parity, body mass index (BMI) and the other characteristics between the cases and the controls. Genotypes distribution of Factor V Leiden 1691G/A and prothrombin gene 20210G/A in controls was in accordance with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). The factor V Leiden-variation was present in 9.6% of the cases compared with 0.6% of the controls, P < 0.001 (OR = 18.60, 95% CI = 2.38–136.1). Only 4 patients with severe preeclampsia had homozygous variation A/A and it was not detected in the controls. Prothrombin G20210A variations not detected neither in the cases nor in the controls group.ConclusionsHigh prevalence of Factor V Leiden 1691G/A variation in preeclamptic patients compared to controls suggest an involvement of this variation in predisposing to preeclampsia in this setting.
Highlights
IntroductionThere are few studies on the association of preeclampsia with thrombophilia in Africa including Sudan
Preeclampsia can lead to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes
Severe preeclampsia was considered in the occurrence of one or more of the followings; blood pressure ≥ 160/110 mmHg, proteinuria of ≥5 g/24 h and HELLP syndrome “hypertension, proteinuria and presence of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count” [1]
Summary
There are few studies on the association of preeclampsia with thrombophilia in Africa including Sudan. Preeclampsia is defined as occurrence of hypertension during pregnancy and the presence of proteinuria after the 20th week of gestation in previously normotensive woman [1]. The association of Factor-V (rs6025) and Factor II (Prothrombin) (rs1799963) variations with preeclampsia and their possible role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia have been previously investigated [7]. While some studies reported association between preeclampsia and Factor-V Leiden [8,9,10], others fail to find an association [11, 12]. Prothrombin G20210A variation were associated with sever preeclampsia in some studies [13, 14], others found no association [15, 16]
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