Factor V and VIII combined deficiency: Clinical perioperative management for tonsillectomy in a child

Abstract

Combined factors V (FV) and VIII (FVIII) deficiency is a rarely seen hereditary coagulation disease. Experience of its management in surgery with a high-risk of bleeding is rare. The interest of this case report is to propose a strategy of perioperative management for such a deficit, but also to recall that a careful preoperative anesthetic evaluation with questioning and physical examination permits to detect unsuspected coagulation disorders and to schedule the preventive treatment. The protocol for the perioperative period consisted of the administration of desmopressin and fresh frozen plasma one hour before surgery. The administration of desmopressin was continued for 48hours. Fresh frozen plasma and tranexamic acid were administered during the first 9 postoperative days. A local bleeding occurred at 8 days (scab coming off) and required systematically a surgical hemostasis and an intensification of the therapeutic protocol. Recombinant plasmatic factor VIII was administered for 7 days together with a daily perfusion of fresh frozen plasma for a total treatment period of 14 days.