Abstract
BackgroundCulturally sensitive, reliable and valid cultural belief scales for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Koreans in the Republic of Korea are not available in the literature. The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate existing cultural belief scales for CRC screening in Koreans.MethodsIndividual interviews, expert reviews, and a pilot test were conducted for instrument adaptation, and a cross-sectional survey with 884 Koreans was conducted for instrument validation. Construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and reliability of the Korean version of the instruments were examined.ResultsExploratory factor analysis using c four factors that accounted for 48.12% of the variance. The validity and reliability of the cultural belief scales were supported by confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha.ConclusionsThe results of the present study showed that the four-factor cultural belief scales were culturally sensitive, reliable and valid in Koreans. The final cultural belief scales could be used to identify cultural beliefs more accurately and specifically, as well as to develop effective interventions to increase CRC screening in Koreans in the Republic of Korea.
Highlights
Sensitive, reliable and valid cultural belief scales for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Koreans in the Republic of Korea are not available in the literature
In Lee et al.’s study [15], Korean versions of culturally appropriate instruments were developed for Korean Americans, for cancer fatalism, health fatalism, health temporal orientation and personal control
Among the cultural belief constructs, the health temporal orientation scale consisted of items for crisis health orientation and preventive health orientation, and personal control consisted of items for internal control and external control
Summary
Sensitive, reliable and valid cultural belief scales for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Koreans in the Republic of Korea are not available in the literature. CRC incidence rates increased significantly in Koreans aged 40 and older, and 90% of patients with CRC were aged 40 and older [2]. CRC screening rates remain low despite the many opportunities available to Koreans for CRC screening tests by participating in the National Cancer Screening Program that the Korean National Health Insurance Service has provided or by visiting any medical facilities. A review of the literature revealed that socio-demographic factors (e.g., low income) and beliefs (e.g., barriers) were risk factors Koreans who did not undergo CRC screening [5,6,7]. Few studies have performed detailed investigates on how cultural beliefs influenced cancer screening behavior among Koreans in the Republic of Korea.
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