Facilitators and barriers of empathetic behaviour in physiotherapy clinical practice: A qualitative focus group study

Abstract

BackgroundEmpathy is an essential competence of a person-centered approach, and a recognisable ability for providing physiotherapy quality healthcare. Empathetic communication enhances the improvement of patient outcomes and their experience of treatment. ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to present further insights considering facilitators and barriers of an empathetic communication between patients and physiotherapists. MethodsA qualitative focus group study was designed according to COREQ guidance for qualitative studies. Two focus groups were conducted. The first group included six patients and two individuals from non-governmental organizations, whereas three physiotherapists, two academic physiotherapist personnel and two undergraduate physiotherapy students participated in the second group. Both groups were audio recorded, and all data was verbatim transcribed for coding thematic analysis. Results9 themes were revealed regarding empathetic facilitators (qualities of good communication, relationship building, interprofessional collaborative practice, positive environment, love for the healthcare profession and professionalism), while 8 themes were revealed regarding barriers (challenging situations, working conditions, burn out, depreciation of empathetic communication, lack of training, lack of professionalism, lack of personal development and health professionals’ own personal problems). Conclusion(s)The enhancement of empathy can be accomplished in a trustworthy relationship between patient and clinicians where the development of proficient communication skills are prioritized. However, hindering factors associated with health professionals, patients and the health system should be surmounted. Ethical approval number339-ΣΕ8/10-1-2020.