Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of functionalized graphene-Pd nanoparticle incorporated titanium dioxide composite nanofibers (designated as TiO2@G(f)-Pd-CNFs) by combining electrospinning, hydrothermal and calcination processes. For comparison, functionalized graphene -incorporated titanium dioxide composite nanofibers (designated as TiO2@G(f) CNFs) were also prepared. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the TiO2-based composite nanofibers were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction analysis and thermogravimetry. The morphologies of the composite nanofibers were systematically investigated by transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. The components in the composite nanofibers were identified with different morphologies: a fibrillar structure of the TiO2 nanofibers, irregular shaped graphene platelets and nanosized (sizes in the range of 4–12 nm) spherical Pd particles (around 8 nm). Thermogravimetry suggests that the inclusion of graphene and Pd improves the thermal stability of TiO2. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) was examined in the presence of the catalyst, TiO2@G(f)-Pd-CNFs under UV-irradiation and compared with TiO2 NFs and TiO2@G(f) CNFs. The highest photodegradation efficiency was observed for TiO2@G(f)-Pd-CNFs and attributed to the synergistic influence of the components, TiO2 NFs, Pd NPs and G(f).
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