Abstract
Recently, SiO2 has attracted wide attention in lithium-ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity and low cost. However, the utilization of SiO2 is impeded by the enormous volume expansion and low electric conductivity. Although constructing SiO2/carbon composite can significantly enhance the electrochemical performance, the skillful preparation of the well-defined SiO2/carbon composite is still a remaining challenge. Here, a facile strategy of in situ coating of polydopamine is applied to synthesis of a series of core-shell structured SiO2@carbon composite nanorods with different thicknesses of carbon shells. The carbon shell uniformly coated on the surface of SiO2 nanorods significantly suppresses the volume expansion to some extent, as well as improves the electric conductivity of SiO2. Therefore, the composite nanorods exhibit a remarkable electrochemical performance as the electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries. For instance, a high and stable reversible capacity at a current density of 100 mA g−1 reaches 690 mAh g−1 and a capacity of 344.9 mAh g−1 can be achieved even at the high current density of 1000 mA g−1. In addition, excellent capacity retention reaches 95% over 100 cycles. These SiO2@carbon composite nanorods with decent electrochemical performances hold great potential for applications in lithium-ion batteries.
Highlights
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely used in portable devices, vehicle mounted equipment, and electrochemical energy storage owning to their environmental friendliness, high energy density, and long lifespan [1,2,3,4,5]
The core-shell structured SiO2@CCNRs composite was successfully synthesized based on the in in situ coating of PDA
It can be predicted that further optimization electrochemical performance could be realized by tuning of the size of SiO2 nanorod, carbonization of electrochemical performance could be realized by tuning of the size of SiO2 nanorod, temperature, and heating rate
Summary
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely used in portable devices, vehicle mounted equipment, and electrochemical energy storage owning to their environmental friendliness, high energy density, and long lifespan [1,2,3,4,5]. As the commercial anode material in LIBs, graphite has a low theoretical capacity of 372 mAh g−1 , which is difficult to meet the ever-growing demands of high-energy-density [6,7,8]. Momentous efforts have been made to exploring an ideal alternative anode with high lithium storage capacity. SiO2 has attracted great attention for LIBs due to its low cost, high theoretical capacity (i.e., 1956 mAh g−1 ), and ease of fabrication [9,10,11]. The practical application SiO2 anode is restricted by the fast capacity fading and poor rate performance, which mainly derive from its low electrical conductivity and huge volume expansion during the charging-discharging processes [12,13,14,15].
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