Facile strategy to prepare polyimide nanofiber assembled aerogel for effective airborne particles filtration

Abstract

Polyimide nanofiber (PINF) aerogel materials have received extensive attention as heat insulation, sensors and filtration media due to their excellent thermodynamic properties and unique porous structure. However, PINF must be difficult to disperse in organic solvents (dioxane or dimethyl sulfoxide) and dimensional instability has been regarded as issues that limits the preparation of PINF aerogels, especially in the water. So, it is of great significance to prepare polyimide aerogels with stable structure using water as a dispersant. In this work, the electrospun polyimide nanofiber precursor (polyamic acid (PAA) nanofiber (PAANF)) is uniformly dispersed in water, and triethylamine is added to terminated PAA oligomer as a binder. The resultant PINF aerogel has excellent mechanical properties with outstanding elasticity and a maximum compressive stress of 7.03 kpa at 50% strain. Furthermore, due to the extremely high porosity (98.4%) and hierarchical porous structure, the aerogel exhibits a high filtration efficiency (99.83%) for PM2.5, while the pressure drop is lower than that of the corresponding nanofiber membrane materials, which will facilitate its application in high temperature filtration and other fields.