Abstract
A universal method to modify polystyrene beads (PSBs) is proposed, using the 2-chloro-3′,4′-dihydroxyacetophenone (CCDP) quaternized to poly(ethylene glycol)-g-poly(dimethylaminethyl methacrylate) [PEG-g-PDMA, QC-PEG]. In the study, CCDP of QC-PEG is adhered onto PSBs under alkali condition, where polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) has been added as stabilizer. The surface modified PSBs with QC-PEG (QC-PSBs) have been functionalized, by depositing silver nanoparticles (Ag-PSBs) as antimicrobial, iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe-PSBs) as magnet, and TiO2 nanoparticles (Ti-PSBs) as photo-catalyst. Modification and functionalization of the obtained PSBs have been rectified by microscopy and spectroscopy investigations, including scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron microscope, and UV–vis spectrometer. The functionalized Ag-PSBs show outstanding antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, due to their containing silver nanoparticles; while significant photo-catalytic behavior was found against methylene blue, after depositing TiO2 nanoparticles. The proposed universal modified PSBs will make a strong contribution in different fields, as a functional material. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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