Abstract
In this paper, g-C3N4-WO3 composite materials were prepared by hydrothermal processing. The composites were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and N2 adsorption-desorption, respectively. The gas sensing properties of the composites were investigated. The results indicated that the addition of appropriate amount of g-C3N4 to WO3 could improve the response and selectivity to acetone. The sensor based on 2 wt% g-C3N4-WO3 composite showed the best gas sensing performances. When operating at optimum temperature of 310°C, the responses to 1000 ppm and 0.5 ppm acetone were 58.2 and 1.6, respectively, and the ratio of the S1000 ppm acetone to S1000 ppm ethanol reached 3.7.
Highlights
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanomaterial exhibits a stable layered structure and п-conjugated s-triazine unit composed of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms and sp2 hybridized nitrogen atom. g-C3N4 nanosheets have attracted the attention of researchers in recent years for its peculiar properties as a semiconductor such as immense specific surface area [1]
Cho et al [3] used ultrasonic spray pyrolysis to prepare WO3 hollow spheres using a citric acid-containing precursor solution; the WO3 hollow spheres exhibited a high response and good gas sensing selectivity to trimethylamine, but the sensor exhibited a depressed response to NO2
We report the preparation of g-C3N4-WO3 nanocomposites through a hydrothermal method and the investigation of their gas sensing properties
Summary
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanomaterial exhibits a stable layered structure and п-conjugated s-triazine unit composed of sp hybridized carbon atoms and sp hybridized nitrogen atom. g-C3N4 nanosheets have attracted the attention of researchers in recent years for its peculiar properties as a semiconductor such as immense specific surface area [1]. Wang et al [2] prepared g-C3N4 by thermal treatment of glucose and urea, and the p-type sensor based on g-C3N4 exhibited good response to NO2 at room temperature. As a gas sensing material, WO3 has been paid much attention in the past decade. Cho et al [3] used ultrasonic spray pyrolysis to prepare WO3 hollow spheres using a citric acid-containing precursor solution; the WO3 hollow spheres exhibited a high response and good gas sensing selectivity to trimethylamine, but the sensor exhibited a depressed response to NO2. Kida et al [4] used acidification of Na2WO4 with H2SO4 solution to prepare lamellar-structured WO3 particles which had a high response (S = 150–280) even to dilute NO2 (50–1000 ppb) in air at 200°C. A study by Ma et al [5] showed that WO3 nanoplates obtained through a topochemical transformation of the corresponding H2WO4 precursor exhibited high response to ethanol while operating at 300°C
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