Abstract
In the present work, we have developed a facile one-step route for preparing electrochemically reduced graphene oxide-cationic pillar[6]arene (ErGO-CP6) nanocomposite films on glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) directly from graphene oxide-cationic pillar[6]arene (GO-CP6) colloidal solution by using a pulsed electrodeposition technique. The electrocatalytic activity of ErGO-CP6 was examined by studying the oxidations of five purine bases [adenine (A), guanine (G), xanthine (X), hypoxanthine (HX), and uric acid (UA)]. It enhanced the oxidation currents of A, G, X, HX, and UA when compared to unmodified ErGO films and bare GCE, which is considered to be the synergetic effects of the graphene (excellent electrical properties and large surface area) and CP6 molecules (high inclusion complexation and enrichment capability).
Highlights
Graphene, a 2D sp2-hybirdized carbon sheet, has attracted considerable attention in academia and industry due to its fascinating electronic, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties as well as for its tremendous potential in applications in various fields, such as nanoelectronics (Son et al, 2006), supercapacitors (Maiti et al, 2014), batteries (Takamura et al, 2007), sensors (Shao et al, 2010b), and nanocomposites (Vickery et al, 2009)
We report that cationic pillar[6]arene (CP6) functionalized graphene films were prepared onto glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) directly from graphene oxide-cationic pillar[6]arene (GO-CP6) dispersions by facile one-step pulsed electrodeposition technique (Scheme 1)
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra supported the successful functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) with CP6
Summary
A 2D sp2-hybirdized carbon sheet, has attracted considerable attention in academia and industry due to its fascinating electronic, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties as well as for its tremendous potential in applications in various fields, such as nanoelectronics (Son et al, 2006), supercapacitors (Maiti et al, 2014), batteries (Takamura et al, 2007), sensors (Shao et al, 2010b), and nanocomposites (Vickery et al, 2009). RGO has a relatively lower conductivity than that of the graphene made with a mechanical cleaving method, it is a versatile material It can be used as a perfect candidate for carbon-based electrode materials to produce electrochemical sensors or biosensors owing to its large active surface area, good electrical conductivity, and electrocatalytic activity (Zhou et al, 2009). Pillararene-Based Nanocomposites unique properties of rGO (a large surface area and good conductivity) and the macrocyclic host (high supramolecular recognition and good enrichment capability) have been intensively exploited as electrocatalysts for improving the analyte detection sensitivity (Guo et al, 2010, 2011; Xu et al, 2011; Zhou et al, 2013a,b,c; Li et al, 2017; Singh et al, 2018; Sun et al, 2019; Tan et al, 2019a). The electrochemical behaviors of five purine bases at the ErGO-CP6/GCE displayed higher electrochemical performance than at those of ErGO/GCE and bare GCE, indicating that the CP6-modified graphene films show the excellent electrical properties of graphene and exhibit high inclusion complexation and enrichment capability of CP6 through the formation of host-guest inclusion complexes between CP6 and the five purine bases
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