Abstract
Graphene fiber-based supercapacitors are known as the potential energy resources for wearable/flexible electronics. However, increasing their specific capacitance and energy density remains a significant challenge. This paper indicates a double layer capacitance of the graphene nanosheets accompanied by pseudocapacitive behavior of the polyaniline to prepare composite fibers with high capacitive response. The polyaniline/graphene composite fibers (PANI/GFs) were synthesized by the self-assembled strategy and chemical reduction by HI. The wrinkle architecture of graphene nanosheets and uniform dispersion of the polyaniline are beneficial to increase the internal electroactive sites and provide a stable structure for the composite fibers. The constructed fiber-shaped supercapacitors with solid-state electrolyte deliver an excellent areal specific capacitance of 370.2 mF cm−2 and an outstanding areal energy density of 12.9 μW h cm−2. The current work reveals the attractive potential of the as-synthesized composite fibers for constructing fiber-shaped supercapacitors with distinguished electrochemical performance, which can be applied in future flexible electronics.
Highlights
The amount of PANI in composite fibers is a significant factor for the electrochemical performance of the flexible supercapacitors
The polyaniline/graphene composite fibers (PANI/GF) prepared with 0.2 g PANI suspension displays the best electrochemical performance, and the following characterizations are obtained from the composite fibers with 0.2 g PANI suspension
The mass decreasing around 100 ◦ C in the PANI curve is ascribed to the loss of the H2 O molecular, and a sharp change at about 500 ◦ C exists in the Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) curve of the PANI [33,34,35,36]
Summary
The rapid development of wearable/flexible electronics has tremendously increased the attraction of flexible power supplies/devices that are lightweight and flexible [1,2,3]. Among various flexible power sources, fiber-shaped supercapacitors possess these superiorities of lightweight, small, and mechanical flexibility, and can be woven into textiles, highlighting great advantages in the future flexible, portable, and wearable electronics field [4,5,6]. The energy density of supercapacitors is proportional to its capacitance depending on the intrinsic charge storage capabilities of electrode materials [9,10]. Much effort has been committed to exploiting new structural electrode materials to construct high electrochemical performance fiber-shaped supercapacitors for wearable/flexible electronic devices
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