Abstract
In this study, the fabrication of a metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed catalytic electrode is described based on a new alternating current (AC) plasma deposition approach. The fabrication involves the treatment of AC plasma on a precursor solution comprised of metal salts such as CuCl2, FeCl2, and ZnCl2, and a monomer (acrylic acid) in the presence/absence of a cross-linker. Furthermore, the utility of such developed electrodes has been demonstrated for the electrochemical determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The electrode materials obtained through plasma treatment was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), contact angle measurements, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and cyclic voltammetry. Among the metal oxide modified electrodes prepared by the AC plasma deposition method, the copper oxide (CuO) NPs catalytic electrode exhibited significant oxidation and reduction peaks for H2O2 in phosphate-buffered saline solution. The catalytic electrode with CuO NPs exhibited a combination of good H2O2 sensing characteristics such as good sensitivity (63.52 mA M−1 cm−2), good selectivity, low detection limits (0.6 µM), fast sensing response (5 s), a wide linear range (0.5–8.5 mM), and good stability over 120 cycles. Based on our results, it is well demonstrated that plasma deposition could be effectively utilized for the fabrication of the catalytic electrode for detection of H2O2 concentrations. Further, the strategy of using AC plasma for fabrication of metal oxide-based modified electrodes could also be extended for the fabrication of other kinds of nanomaterials-based sensors.
Highlights
Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is a green oxidant that is widely used in various fields [1,2]
Keeping the objective that plasma treatment can be used to modify the electrode surface, we demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating catalytic electrodes from the precursors containing a polymerizable monomer and the metal salt, through in-situ simultaneous generation of polymer and metal oxide
We have demonstrated the utilization of plasma treatment for the fabrication of catalytic electrodes, comprised of copper or iron or zinc oxide as the catalytic material
Summary
Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is a green oxidant that is widely used in various fields [1,2]. H2 O2 has attracted research attention as an important by-product of enzyme reactions in the field of biotechnology [4]. Among the various H2 O2 detection techniques that have been developed, which include spectrometry, fluorescence, and chromatography, the electrochemical methods offer special combinational advantages like low detection limit, high. It must be noted that a variety of electrochemical H2 O2 sensors reported in literature are predominantly based on enzymes. Knowing the intrinsic disadvantages of enzyme-based electrochemical sensors, non-enzymatic H2 O2 sensors are receiving considerable interest in recent years due to their advantages such as low cost, high stability, prompt response, ultra-low detection limit, and excellent sensitivity. Non-enzymatic electrochemical H2 O2 sensors are designed based on H2 O2 electro-oxidation/electroreduction and require electrocatalytic materials
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