Abstract
A dual hierarchical TiO2 nanostructure is directly fabricated by electrochemically anodizing of an electropolished Ti substrate in an ethylene glycol electrolyte containing small amounts of fluoride with a two-step process, which is carried out at room temperature in a two-electrode electrochemical cell under 30V for 3h plus 10min. The formed nanostructure consists of a nanoporous top layer (~60nm thickness) and a nanotubular underneath layer (~600nm thickness). The highly regular nanopores (~100nm diameter) in hexagonal shape distribute over the top layer and the underneath layer is arranged with the well-aligned nanotubes (~50nm diameter). The dual parts of the hierarchical nanostructure are both composed of TiO2, which exhibits anatase phase after being annealed at 450°C under ambient air for 3h. The facile fabrication of this dual hierarchical TiO2 nanostructure inspires to prepare other nanoscale materials with alike complex geometries by the similar approach.
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