Abstract
Plastics with good flame retardant and gas barrier properties have been widely applied in the electrical industry. On the basis of the affinity between clay and cellulose, cellulose/montmorillonite (MMT) biobased plastics were constructed via a simple hot pressing of cellulose/MMT hydrogels prepared from a mixture of the cellulose solution and MMT suspension solution. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the MMT thin lamellae with about 4 nm thickness were uniformly dispersed in cellulose/MMT nanocomposite plastics. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy confirmed that an intercalated structure of MMT appeared in the cellulose/MMT. The experimental results revealed that MMT was well fixed in the cellulose matrix by the hydrogen bonding interaction and affinity between MMT and cellulose, leading to good miscibility. The tensile strength of the nanocomposite increased with an increase of MMT content. Moreover, the flame retardant of cellulose/MMT biobased plastic was improved with an increase of MMT content, while the biobased plastic with 20 wt% MMT achieved the highest limiting oxygen index of 29.3 %. Because of their good limiting oxygen index and gas barrier properties, these cellulose/MMT biobased plastics have potential applications in fields such as gas resistance, flame retardant, packaging material, etc.
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