Facial types and morphology

Abstract

Information on an individual’s facial morphology can have several important clinical and forensic applications. Such information can help to improve or reduce the need for extensive surgical interventions for craniofacial anomalies and trauma. This study scrutinized different facial types and morphology among the indigenes of Ika ethnic group in Nigeria, by means of facial height, facial breath and facial index. The study adopted a cross sectional study design, and was conducted with 384 subjects from Agbor community in Delta State, Nigeria. Data was collected with the aid of a digital sliding caliper, data collection sheet, and pencil. All required measurements were taken with each subject seated on a chair in a relaxed mood and with the head in the anatomical position. Majority of the subjects 125 (32.6%) were in the 21-25years age set. The predominant facial type observed is the hyperleptoproscopic sort as seen in 148 (38.5%). Chi-square test of association between gender and facial type disclosed a significant relationship (p=0.001). Chi-square test of association between age and facial type divulged a remarkable correlation (p=0.015). This study confirmed that majority of the Ika populace have the hyperleptoproscopic facial type.