Facial Nerve Disorders: Sociodemographic Predictors and Temporal Trends in Dynamic Facial Reanimation in a National Administrative Claims Database.

Abstract

Background: Recent surgical innovations have increased treatment options for patients with facial nerve disorders (FNDs), leading to substantial improvements in functional and psychosocial outcomes. However, it is unclear whether sociodemographic factors are associated with the likelihood of undergoing dynamic facial reanimation procedures. Objective: In patients undergoing FND surgical treatment, what sociodemographic variables are associated with undergoing dynamic facial reanimation compared with static facial reanimation within a 16-year period? Methods: This was a retrospective study of adults undergoing surgical management for FND from 2007 to 2022 using the Merative™ Marketscan® Research Databases. Chi-squared and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Among 4,730 adults who underwent FND surgical intervention, 1,390 (34.2%) underwent dynamic facial reanimation. In multivariable regression analyses, more recent treatment year, younger age, and living in the Northeast United States were significant predictors of undergoing dynamic reanimation. Secondary analysis demonstrated that FND patients who were younger, female, and living in the Northeast United States were more likely to undergo concurrent selective neurectomy. Conclusions: These analyses demonstrate significant sociodemographic and temporal associations in the surgical management of FND. Future work is needed to evaluate how sociodemographic factors might influence access and decisions to pursue different types of reanimation procedures.