Abstract
In this study, we examined the beam-irradiation effect on the structural evolution of the grain boundary (GB) in a Cu bicrystal at room temperature using a Cs-corrected, monochromated transmission electron microscope at an acceleration voltage of 300 keV. Faceting of the GB was observed at a low current density of the electron beam. With increasing current density, the GB became defaceted. The faceting–roughening transition was shown to be reversible, as the process was reversed upon decreasing the current density. The structural transition is explained by inelastic scattering effects by electron-beam irradiation.
Highlights
In this study, we examined the beam-irradiation effect on the structural evolution of the grain boundary (GB) in a Cu bicrystal at room temperature using a Cs-corrected, monochromated transmission electron microscope at an acceleration voltage of 300 keV
We show that electron-beam irradiation in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) caused GB migration and a GB structural transition
At a diameter of 25 nm (815 A cm–2) (Fig. 3), the GB was faceted into two components, (0 1 0)//(1 –1 0) and {1 1 1}, and migrated from [1 0 0] to [1 1 0], as observed at the lower current density (Fig. 2)
Summary
We examined the beam-irradiation effect on the structural evolution of the grain boundary (GB) in a Cu bicrystal at room temperature using a Cs-corrected, monochromated transmission electron microscope at an acceleration voltage of 300 keV. Merkle and Thompson[6] examined the GB in an Au bicrystal composed of [0 0 1] and [0 1 1] grains at a TEM operated at 400 keV at a current density of ~ 5 A c m–2. They observed that the GB was atomically sharp and migrated from the [0 0 1] grain into the [0 1 1] grain by the propagation of atomic steps. When the rough GB at the higher current density was subjected to a lower current density, it returned to a faceted structure composed of the two GB facets These results indicate that the faceting–roughening GB transition under electron-beam irradiation was reversible. The illumination area was changed by spreading or contracting the beam by adjusting the C2 lens
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