Abstract
Face validation is an informal type of validation, usually applied in the early stages of a simulation project or model development process. Face validation is used to determine the reasonableness of a model or simulation when advanced validation methods such as statistical analysis or sensitivity analysis are not applicable. In large-scale simulation projects such as warfare simulation applications, which consist of a large number and variety of models that cannot be evaluated independently and contain high levels of uncertainty, face validation should be utilized, but no standard method for face validation can be proposed. In this paper, we review the literature and practical applications of face validation. We propose a process to improve the effectiveness of face validation. The proposed process is expected to help to realize a measurable, concrete and practical face validation, especially in large-scale projects involving high-fidelity complex models and constructive simulations.
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