Fabrication of ZnO nanoparticles adorned nitrogen-doped carbon balls and their application in photodegradation of organic dyes

Periyasamy Thirukumaran,Koteeswaran Kalaiarasan,Yong Rok Lee,Seong-Cheol Kim,Asrafali Shakila Parveen,Raji Atchudan

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56109-3

Periyasamy Thirukumaran, Koteeswaran Kalaiarasan + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56109-3

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Abstract

In the present study, a novel ZnO nanoparticles adorned nitrogen-doped carbon balls (ZnO@CBs) were successfully synthesized from polybenzoxazine and ZnO nanoparticles through a simple carbonization method. The typical wurtzite hexagonal zinc oxide phase in ZnO@CBs and degree of graphitization were revealed by the X-ray diffraction pattern. The field emission scanning electron microscopy confirmed that the synthesized carbon materials have well dispersed ball-like structure, wherein, the ZnO nanoparticles are distributed evenly on the carbon balls (CBs). The synthesized ZnO@CBs with different wt.% (20, 40, 60 and 80) and bare ZnO nanoparticles were investigated for methylene blue (MB) dye degradation experiment. The synthesized ZnO@CBs exhibited high activity in the degradation of MB. Among the different wt.% of ZnO@CBs, 60 wt.% of ZnO@CBs showed the highest MB degradation ratio (99%) with a fast degradation rate (1.65% min−1) under the following optimum conditions: 20 mg of ZnO@CBs in 50 mL of MB solution at room temperature.

Highlights

In the present study, a novel Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles adorned nitrogen-doped carbon balls (ZnO@CBs) were successfully synthesized from polybenzoxazine and ZnO nanoparticles through a simple carbonization method
The interaction of O (ZnO) with C during the high-temperature calcination essentially enlarges the lattice of ZnO, affecting a peak shift toward higher angles for the CBs component of ZnO nanoparticles adorned nitrogen-doped carbon balls (ZnO@CBs), which proposes the possible C-doping of ZnO in the resultant ZnO@CBs compounds, XRD patterns (Fig. 5c), the typical diffractions corresponding to ZnO for ZnO@CBs the diffraction intensities of ZnO increases with increasing of the ZnO while pure ZnO presents the sharp diffractions of typical Wurtzite hexagonal zinc oxide phase[30]
A novel ZnO@CBs photocatalyst was successfully synthesized using Eu-Bzo as the source of carbon and ZnO nanoparticles through a simple carbonization method

Summary

Introduction

A novel ZnO nanoparticles adorned nitrogen-doped carbon balls (ZnO@CBs) were successfully synthesized from polybenzoxazine and ZnO nanoparticles through a simple carbonization method. The interaction of O (ZnO) with C (carbon ball) during the high-temperature calcination essentially enlarges the lattice of ZnO, affecting a peak shift toward higher angles for the CBs component of ZnO@CBs, which proposes the possible C-doping of ZnO in the resultant ZnO@CBs compounds, XRD patterns (Fig. 5c), the typical diffractions corresponding to ZnO for ZnO@CBs the diffraction intensities of ZnO increases with increasing of the ZnO while pure ZnO presents the sharp diffractions of typical Wurtzite hexagonal zinc oxide phase[30].

Results

Conclusion