Abstract
In order to meet the long term goals of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, it is important to demonstrate that X-ray masks can be fabricated at resolutions well below the 100 nm barrier. This paper presents results on the use of conventional electron-sensitive resists and the silicide direct write electron beam lithography process (SiDWEL) for the fabrication of X-ray masks with sub-100 nm resolution. By optimizing the deposition of the thin films using conventional evaporators, the SiDWEL process was able to achieve linewidths of less than 40 nm and line spacing of less than 100 nm. The silicide patterns formed by the SiDWEL process are sufficiently resistant to plasma etching to directly transfer the patterns to the tantalum absorber. To improve the turnover time for mask fabrication, different writing schemes were studied, including combining the SiDWEL process with QSR-4, a novel negative resist designed specifically for this application.
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