Abstract
Electrospinning (e-spinning) is an emerging technique to prepare ultrafine fibers. Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is a high-performance resin which does not dissolve in any solvent at room temperature. Commercial PPS fibers are produced mainly by meltblown or spunbonded process to give fibers ~20 μm in diameter. In this research, an in-house designed melt electrospinning device was used to fabricate ultrafine PPS fibers, and the e-spinning operation conducted under inert gas to keep PPS fibers from oxidizing. Under the optimum e-spinning conditions (3 mm of nozzle diameter, 30 kV of electrostatic voltage, and 9.5 cm of tip-to-collector distance), the as-spun fibers were less than 8.0 μm in diameter. After characterization, the resultant PPS fibers showed uniform diameter and structural stability. Compared with commercial PPS staple fibers, the obtained fibers had a cold crystallization peak and 10 times higher storage modulus, thereby offering better tensile tenacity and more than 400% elongation at break.
Highlights
Electrospinning (e-spinning) is an emerging technology for the preparation of ultrathin fibers.Due to the high specific surface area of as-spun fibers and the convenience of in situ forming non-woven mats, the electrospun (e-spun) fibers and mats have a wide range of applications, such as filtration [1,2], environmental science [3,4], medicine [5,6], energy [7], and catalysis [8]
The storage modulus of the as-spun fibers was 10 times higher than that of the staple ones and it exhibited a decrease-to-increase process with a cold crystallization point at 113.6 ◦ C, whereas the staple fiber had a lower storage modulus and no cold crystallization, which conformed completely to the results shown using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC)
Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) ultrafine fibers were obtained through a melt e-spinning technique in this work
Summary
Electrospinning (e-spinning) is an emerging technology for the preparation of ultrathin fibers.Due to the high specific surface area of as-spun fibers and the convenience of in situ forming non-woven mats, the electrospun (e-spun) fibers and mats have a wide range of applications, such as filtration [1,2], environmental science [3,4], medicine [5,6], energy [7], and catalysis [8]. The polymer used in the e-spinning precursor solution must be soluble in some solvent, and the solvent is volatilized during e-spinning process, which hinders industrialization of the solution e-spinning or results in the cost being high when recycling the solvent. Our groups developed a series of moisture-, light-, and heat-assisted solvent-free e-spinning technologies and in situ preparation of ultrafine fibers for water-, light-, and heat-sensitive glue systems [9,10,11,12]. Another concern is solvent-free e-spinning technology, namely melt e-spinning.
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