Fabrication of surface plasmon resonance sensor surface with control of the non-specific adsorption and affinity for the detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene using an antifouling copolymer.

Rui Yatabe,Kiyoshi Toko,Takeshi Onodera

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2014.00010

Rui Yatabe, Kiyoshi Toko + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2014.00010

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Abstract

We fabricated a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor using a hydrophilic polymer for the highly sensitive detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The hydrophilic polymer was made from mono-2-(methacryloyloxy)ethylsuccinate (MES) and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The detection of TNT was carried out by displacement assay with the SPR measurement. In displacement assay, the affinity between anti-TNT antibody and the sensor surface, affects to the sensitivity. In the SPR measurement, non-specific adsorption should be controlled because SPR sensor cannot discriminate between specific and non-specific adsorption. Therefore, the affinity and non-specific adsorption were controlled by changing the ratio of HEMA to MES. A detection limit of 0.4 ng/ml (ppb) for TNT was achieved using a sensor surface with the lowest affinity without non-specific adsorption.

Highlights

Since the terrorist attacks in the USA on September 11, 2001, the threat to the world has shifted to terrorism from war between nations
We fabricated a sensor surface with low non-specific adsorption using a copolymer of mono-2(methacryloyloxy)ethylsuccinate (MES) and diethylaminoethylmethacrylate (DEAEM) (Yatabe et al, 2013b)
Non-specific adsorption can occur on the poly-MES-co-HEMA surface because the surface has a slightly negative charge because of MES

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Since the terrorist attacks in the USA on September 11, 2001, the threat to the world has shifted to terrorism from war between nations. The detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) or 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (research department explosive, RDX) was performed using a laser (Roberson and Sausa, 2010) This method has the advantage that real-time measurement is possible. A localized surface plasmon resonance (L-SPR) sensor was developed using an imprinted nanostructure of gold particles (Riskin et al, 2009) The advantage of this method is ultrahigh sensitivity to TNT. The polymerization seldom terminates because of the low concentration of radicals This means that it is easy to control the length of the polymer chain by adjusting the reaction time. It is necessary to fabricate a sensor surface with low non-specific adsorption to realize high sensitivity. The non-specific adsorption was controlled for SPR measurement, and the affinity between the antibody and the sensor surface was controlled for displacement assay

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION