Abstract
Macroporous scaffolds with controllable pore structure and mechanical properties were fabricated by a porogen fusion technique. Biodegradable material poly (d, l-lactide) (PDLLA) was used as the scaffold matrix. The effects of porogen size, PDLLA concentration and hydroxyapatite (HA) content on the scaffold morphology, porosity and mechanical properties were investigated. High porosity (90% and above) and highly interconnected structures were easily obtained and the pore size could be adjusted by varying the porogen size. With the increasing porogen size and PDLLA concentration, the porosity of scaffolds decreases, while its mechanical properties increase. The introduction of HA greatly increases the impact on pore structure, mechanical properties and water absorption ability of scaffolds, while it has comparatively little influence on its porosity under low HA contents. These results show that by adjusting processing parameters, scaffolds could afford a controllable pore size, exhibit suitable pore structure and high porosity, as well as good mechanical properties, and may serve as an excellent substrate for bone tissue engineering.
Highlights
Tissue engineering aims to create medical devices that will repair, restore or regenerate tissues impaired by disease, injury, or age [1]
Poly (D, L-lactide) (PDLLA) scaffolds with controllable structures were first fabricated by porogen fusion technique, and the effects of porogen size, polymer concentration on the microstructure and properties of scaffolds were investigated
P values compared with no HA are less than 0.05). These results have demonstrated that the pore structure of the PDLLA scaffolds can be modified by the incorporation of HA
Summary
Tissue engineering aims to create medical devices that will repair, restore or regenerate tissues impaired by disease, injury, or age [1]. The pore size, porosity and pore morphology can be controlled by the properties of porogen This technique may cause a problem of residual porogen in scaffolds, which may lead to poor pore interconnectivity and harm the cell seeding and culture. The pore interconnectivity can be greatly improved and the porogen residual problem is solved Biodegradable polyesters, such as poly (lactic acid) (PLA), poly (glycolic acid) (PGA) and their copolymers (PLGA), have been widely used for the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds due to their good biodegradability and processing properties [20,21,22]. Poly (D, L-lactide) (PDLLA) scaffolds with controllable structures were first fabricated by porogen fusion technique, and the effects of porogen size, polymer concentration on the microstructure and properties of scaffolds were investigated. Composite scaffolds were prepared and the effect of HA on the structure and properties of composite scaffolds was studied
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