Abstract
In the process of preparing CsPbBr3 films by two-step or multi-step methods, due to the low solubility of CsBr in organic solvents, the prepared perovskite films often have a large number of holes, which is definitely not conducive to the performance of CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In response to this problem, this article proposed a method of introducing InBr3 into the PbBr2 precursor to prepare a porous PbBr2 film to increase the reaction efficiency between CsBr and PbBr2 and achieve the purpose of In (Ⅲ) incorporation, which not only optimized the morphology of the produced CsPbBr3 film but also enhanced the charge extraction and transport capabilities, which was ascribed to the reduction of the trap state density and impurity phases in the perovskite films, improving the performance of CsPbBr3 PSCs. At the optimal InBr3 concentration of 0.21 M, the InBr3:CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cell exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 6.48%, which was significantly higher than that of the pristine device.
Highlights
Accepted: 8 May 2021After more than ten years of rapid development, lead halide-based perovskite solar cells have made remarkable achievements, but they seem to be in a vicious circle where high efficiency and high stability are contradictory to each other
PbBr2 film determined the morphology of the following perovskite film
When there was no InBr3 in the PbBr2 precursor solution, as shown in Figure 1a, the surNanomaterials 2021, 11, 1253 face of the obtained sample was rough, and the PbBr2 grain distribution was extremely uneven, and a large area of exposed mesoporous TiO2 (m-TiO2) could be directly observed
Summary
After more than ten years of rapid development, lead halide-based perovskite solar cells have made remarkable achievements, but they seem to be in a vicious circle where high efficiency and high stability are contradictory to each other. PbBr2 precursor film, Zhao et al [23] minimized the compressive stress of the perovskite film and prepared CsPbBr3 grains with a size of up to 1.62 μm, which made the PCE of the all-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cell reach 10.7%, the open-circuit voltage (VOC ) as high as 1.6 V, and it kept the device extremely stable in a high-humidity air environment. InBr3 was introduced into the PbBr2 precursor solution, so that the multiple ordered crystal orientations of lead bromide grew, and the original rough and extremely uneven grain distribution of the PbBr2 film evolved into a large uniform-porous film with pores This morphological change ensured the full diffusion and uniform reaction of CsBr in the PbBr2 film during the synthesis of CsPbBr3 and was conducive to the formation of polycrystalline surface growth, high purity phase, and uniform morphology. The PCE of the small area (0.09 cm2 ) InBr3 :CsPbBr3 PSC obtained after conditions optimization was 6.48%, in particular, the VOC was significantly improved
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