Fabrication of Polyethyleneimine-Functionalized Magnetic Cellulose Nanocrystals for the Adsorption of Diclofenac Sodium from Aqueous Solutions.

Xiaoyan Zhu,Daodong Pan,Hangzhen Lan,Jiaqi Tong

doi:10.3390/polym14040720

Xiaoyan Zhu, Daodong Pan + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14040720

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Abstract

Diclofenac sodium (DS), one of the most used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs worldwide, is often detected in wastewater and natural water. This drug is ecotoxic, even at low concentrations. Therefore, it is essential to fabricate low-cost adsorbents that can easily and effectively remove DS from contaminated water bodies. In this study, a polyethyleneimine (PEI)-modified magnetic cellulose nanocrystal (MCNC) was prepared with a silane coupling agent as a bridge. TEM, FTIR, XRD, and VSM were used to demonstrate the successful preparation of MCNC-PEI. This composite adsorbent exhibited efficient DS removal. Furthermore, the adsorption performance of MCNC-PEI on DS was optimal under mildly acidic conditions (pH = 4.5). Adsorption kinetics showed that the adsorption process involves mainly electrostatic interactions. Moreover, the maximum adsorption capacity reached 299.93 mg/g at 25 °C, and the adsorption capacity only decreased by 9.9% after being reused five times. Considering its low cost, low toxicity, and high DS removal capacity, MCNC-PEI could be a promising adsorbent for treating DS-contaminated water.

Highlights

Diclofenac sodium (DS) is a popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and is often used in clinical treatment of rheumatic diseases
Owing the sur3+3+and Fe2+2+can be enriched on the surface of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)
The faceIn electronegativity of CNC, and Febycan enriched on the surfaceOwing of CNC.toAfter

Summary

Introduction

Diclofenac sodium (DS) is a popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and is often used in clinical treatment of rheumatic diseases. The adsorption method is an effective means for removing organic pollutants from water [6] This low-cost method is simple to operate and has no byproducts [7]. Common adsorption materials, such as bentonite, zeolite, and cellulose [8,9,10], possess advantages including a developed pore structure, high adsorption capacity, and low cost. Issues such as poor adsorption regeneration and difficult solid–liquid separation greatly limit the practical application of these adsorbents. Adsorbents containing magnetic nanoparticles can be separated with an external magnetic field [12,13]

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