Abstract
P-nitrophenol (PNP), a refractory hazardous substance, has not been efficiently utilized so far. In this paper, PNP is used as a membrane modification material for preparing poly(amide-co-ester) composite nanofiltration membrane. An organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) membrane was prepared via interfacial polymerization reactionby using PNP and trimethyl chloride (TMC) on a ethylenediamine (EDA) crosslinked polyetherimide substrate. The results of ATR-FTIR and XPS show that interfacial polymerization occurs among with PNP and TMC and the terminal amine groups on the ethylenediamine crosslinked -PEI support forming a poly(amide-co-ester) toplayer. The NF-1PNP membrane maintained stable DMF performance permeance of 2.2 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 and rejection of 98% for Rose Bengal red (RB 1017.64 g mol−1) in 36 h continuous separation process. Furthermore, the average pore diameter of the two membranes including NF-1PNP and NF-1.25PNP, which is 0.40 and 0.36nm, respectively. This study not only provides a good way for the preparation of OSN membrane, but also provides a good demonstration for the comprehensive utilization of PNP and other toxic and harmful pollutants.
Highlights
Membrane technology is a new high-efficiency separation technology
We found that lignin compounds have strong solvent resistance and we have been exploring some polyphenols similar to lignin structural units as raw materials of solvent-resistant composite membrane. [25,26]
EDA played two important roles, one is to Separations 2022, 9, 28 suppress the swelling of PEI support and the second role is to anchor the top layer tightly to adhere to the supporting membrane by forming amide bonds with trimethyl chloride (TMC).The results of ATR-FTIR and XPS show that the interfacial polymerization between TMC and PNP took place and the poly(coamido-ester) skin was formed with the terminal amine group on PEI carrier crosslinked by ethylenediamine
Summary
Membrane technology is a new high-efficiency separation technology. Compared with traditional separation processes such as distillation and extraction, it has the characteristics of being energy saving and environmentfriendly. Park S-H et al reported OSN membranes fabricated solely from sustainable resources such as priamine and tannic acid, green solvents (p-Cymene, water) and recycled polymer waste (PET), the prepared membrane exhibited a high permeance of 13.7 L m−2 h−1bar−1 in acetone with a 90% rejection of styrene dimer (235 g mol−1) [29]. EDA played two important roles, one is to Separations 2022, 9, 28 suppress the swelling of PEI support and the second role is to anchor the top layer tightly to adhere to the supporting membrane by forming amide bonds with TMC.The results of ATR-FTIR and XPS show that the interfacial polymerization between TMC and PNP took place and the poly(coamido-ester) skin was formed with the terminal amine group on PEI carrier crosslinked by ethylenediamine. Because the yellow solution of PNP has an absorption peak at 425 nm, it is possible to detect and analyze the concentration change trend of PNP interface by ultraviolet in-situ detection, which is helpful to better understand the interface polymerization process
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