Fabrication of MXene/PEI functionalized sodium alginate aerogel and its excellent adsorption behavior for Cr(VI) and Congo Red from aqueous solution

Abstract

MXene/PEI modified sodium alginate aerogel (MPA) was facilely prepared by introducing polyethylenimine (PEI) and amino functionalized Ti3C2Tx into sodium alginate (SA) aerogel matrix through cross-linking reactions. Abundant active groups of PEI coupled with in situ reduction ability of MXene dramatically promoted the removal of Cr(VI), realizing the adsorption capacity of 538.97 mg/g. MPA also possessed an ultrahigh adsorption capacity (3568 mg/g) towards Congo Red (CR), ascribing to the strong electrostatic attraction and the synergetic effect of surface adsorption and intercalation adsorption. The Cr(VI) and CR adsorption mechanisms by MPA were further validated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate pH impacts, kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics. The results demonstrated that adsorption processes of both Cr(VI) and CR fitted felicitously with the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. More importantly, having a double-network structure constructed by polymeric SA and PEI, the mechanical strength of the aerogel was significantly reinforced, which was easily recycled without secondary pollution and the capacity decreased few after five cycles. Furthermore, provided with outstanding antibacterial properties against S. aureus and E. coli, MPA can be extensively applied for the water treatment as a both highly efficient adsorbent and antimicrobial.