Abstract
Folic acid is first time applied as a carbon-nitrogen precursor to fabricate Li4Ti5O12@CN composites via ball milling Nano-TiO2, Li2CO3 and folic acid with ethanol as solvent, and then followed by heating treatment in argon. XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, charge-discharge test and EIS are used to evaluate the influence of N-doped carbon coating on its structure, morphologies and electrochemical property. It is demonstrated that the N-doped carbon coated Li4Ti5O12 composite exhibits superior high-rate performance compared with pure Li4Ti5O12. It possesses a high discharge capacity of 174, 165 mAh g−1 at 0.5 and 10 C, respectively. Additionally, an initial specific capacity of 96.2% is obtained after 200 cycles at 10 C. The remarkable performance might be put down to the N-doped carbon layer providing efficiently electron conductive network and nanosized decreasing lithium ion diffusion path.
Highlights
In the past few years, carbon materials have been regarded as the most commercially valued lithium battery anode material (Ma et al, 2016; Long et al, 2017; Li et al, 2019; Wu et al, 2019)
It clearly verifies that the dominating diffraction peaks of both assynthesized Li4Ti5O12 samples are in consistence with the base peaks of spinel Li4Ti5O12 (PDF No.49-0207), demonstrating that the nitrogen-doped carbon layer coating process has little effect on the formation of spinel Li4Ti5O12 (Li et al, 2013a; Chang et al, 2014; Wang P. et al, 2017)
As clearly found that the central position of this peak shifts to larger angles after N-doped carbon coating, suggesting that nitrogen atoms possibly doped into the Li4Ti5O12 lattice and form a new thin layer of TiNx, similar phenomenon was reported by Li et al (Zhang et al, 2013)
Summary
In the past few years, carbon materials have been regarded as the most commercially valued lithium battery anode material (Ma et al, 2016; Long et al, 2017; Li et al, 2019; Wu et al, 2019).
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