Fabrication of hybrid Fabry-Pérot microcavity using two-photon lithography for single-photon sources.

F Ortiz-Huerta,M Johnson,Y L D Ho,J G Rarity,M Taverne,L Chen,J P Hadden

doi:10.1364/oe.26.033245

Abstract

For an efficient single-photon source a high-count rate into a well-defined spectral and spatial mode is desirable. Here we have developed a hybrid planar Fabry-Pérot microcavity by using a two-photon polymerization process (2PP) where coupling between single-photon sources (diamond colour centres) and resonance modes is observed. The first step consists of using the 2PP process to build a polymer table structure around previously characterized nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres on top of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) with a high reflectivity at the NV zero-phonon line (ZPL). Afterwards, the polymer structure is covered with a silver layer to create a weak (low Q) cavity where resonance fluorescence measurements from the NVs are shown to be in good agreement with analytical and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) results.

Highlights

Solid-state single-photon sources are considered one of the most promising candidates for single-photon emission [1]
Quantum dots (QDs) and colour centres in crystals are among the most studied, colour centres in diamond such as NV and Silicon-Vacancy (SiV) centers have the main advantage of emitting single-photons at room-temperature, convenient for quantum photonic integration and applications
By a process called two-photon polymerization (2PP), in which only the liquid polymer exposed to a specific wavelength gets solidified, solid immersion lenses [16] and resonant disks [17] have been fabricated with quantum dots and nanodiamonds inside the structures, respectively

Summary

Introduction

Solid-state single-photon sources are considered one of the most promising candidates for single-photon emission [1]. Different ways have been developed through the years to increase the emission rate and reduce the angle of emission of the sources [3] Geometrical approaches exist, such as solid immersion lenses (SILs) [4,5] along with cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) approaches that rely on the Purcell enhancement by using resonant structures to selectively enhance emission into relevant modes [6,7]. By a process called two-photon polymerization (2PP), in which only the liquid polymer exposed to a specific wavelength gets solidified, solid immersion lenses [16] and resonant disks [17] have been fabricated with quantum dots and nanodiamonds inside the structures, respectively. Fabrication and measurements The printing of 3D micro-structures with a commercially available direct laser writing system (Photonic Professional, Nanoscribe GmbH) uses the 2PP process [Fig. 3(a)] This method consists of illuminating a liquid photopolymer photoresist with light at 780 nm. The g(2) measurement is highly noisy and difficult to correct from background but a reduced visibility antibunching signal can still be seen

Analytical model

Conclusions