Abstract
The formulation of a high dielectric permittivity ceramic/polymer composite feedstock for daylight vat photopolymerization 3D printing (3DP) is demonstrated, targeting 3DP of devices for microwave and THz applications. The precursor is composed of a commercial visible light photo-reactive polymer (VIS-curable photopolymer) and dispersed titanium dioxide (TiO2, TO) ceramic nano-powder or calcium copper titanate (CCT) micro-powder. To provide consistent 3DP processing from the formulated feedstocks, the carefully chosen dispersant performed the double function of adjusting the overall viscosity of the photopolymer and provided good matrix-to-filler bonding. Depending on the ceramic powder content, the optimal viscosities for reproducible 3DP with resolution better than 100 µm were η(TO) = 1.20 ± 0.02 Pa.s and η(CCT) = 0.72 ± 0.05 Pa.s for 20% w/v TO/resin and 20% w/v CCT/resin composites at 0.1 s−1 respectively, thus showing a significant dependence of the “printability” on the dispersed particle sizes. The complex dielectric properties of the as-3D printed samples from pure commercial photopolymer and the bespoke ceramic/photopolymer mixes are investigated at 2.5 GHz, 5 GHz, and in the 12–18 GHz frequency range. The results show that the addition of 20% w/v of TO and CCT ceramic powder to the initial photopolymer increased the real part of the permittivity of the 3DP composites from ε’ = 2.7 ± 0.02 to ε’(TO) = 3.88 ± 0.02 and ε’(CCT) = 3.5 ± 0.02 respectively. The present work can be used as a guideline for high-resolution 3DP of structures possessing high-ε.
Highlights
Additive Manufacturing (AM), known as three-dimensional printing (3DP), has shown the potential to fabricate components with tailored and complex designs and is being adopted in various industrial domains
Composites filled with w/v of TO and calcium copper titanate (CCT) particles based on visible light curing technology for high frequency electromagnetic formulated and the shear viscosity composites studied
Composites filled with of 10 formulated and 20% w/v of TO resin and was CCTcarefully were formulated analysis confirmed the tetragonal structure of TO and body-centred cubic perovskite structure of shear viscosity of the formulated composites resin was carefully studied
Summary
Additive Manufacturing (AM), known as three-dimensional printing (3DP), has shown the potential to fabricate components with tailored and complex designs and is being adopted in various industrial domains. Various 3DP processes have been extensively used in the fabrication of optical [5], THz [6,7], microwave and RF dielectric elements and devices [8,9,10]. For such applications, the dielectric properties of the components are essential for a predictable performance.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have