Abstract
Recent trends in bio technology have resulted in the need for accurate fabrication of pore structure of sophisticated porous materials used in advanced applications such as substrates for tissue growth, and various kinds of implants. Control of pore size is important for promoting growth of blood vessels and adequate fluid flow. In the present study, an attempt has been made to fabricate functionally porous structures using titanium, including an internally controlled three-dimensional (3-D) fractal structure. A novel 3-D modeling method that combines rapid prototyping with spark plasma sintering (SPS) is proposed, which enables us to control the internal porous structure. Titanium powder-tape or sheet is sintered or cut by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser to form 2-D fractal cross-sections. These 2-D layers are temporarily laminated in a carbon mold, being then jointed by the SPS method to maintain the internal porous structure. Process parameters for the sheet lamination method have extensively been investigated.
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