Abstract
Efavirenz (EFA) is an antiviral drug that reduces the progression of HIV infection by reducing the virus's proliferation in the blood. This study used a pencil graphite electrode modified with deoxyribonucleic acid/2-thiobarbituric acid-osmium tetroxide (DNA/TBA-OsO4/PGE) to measure traces of the drug. The electrode surface was modified in two stages by the electrodeposition of thiobarbituric acid-osmium tetroxide and DNA, respectively. Electrode surface characterization was revealed by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Analytical figures of merit, such as the linear range over the concentration range of 1 × 10−12 to 1 × 10−5 M and the detection limit of 1.4 × 10−13 M, demonstrated that the modified DNA/TBA-OsO4/PGE is superior to the other proposed electrodes for the determination of EFA. Additionally, the modified electrode was used to measure EFA in blood, urine and water samples.
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