Abstract
In order to improve the flame retardancy of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fabrics, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was first grafted onto the surface of PAN fabric (PAN-g-GMA) by means of UV-induced photo grafting polymerization process. Then, PAN-g-GMA was chemically grafted with chitosan to obtain a bigrafted PAN fabric (PAN-g-GMA-g-CS). Finally, the flame-retardant PAN fabric (FR-PAN) was prepared by phosphorylation. The structure and elemental analysis of the samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The thermal degradation properties and combustion characteristics of the fabrics were accessed by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and cone calorimeter (CC). The results show that the onset thermal decomposition temperature of FR-PAN fabric is lower than that of the control sample due to the degradation of the grafting groups. The combustion test indicates that the FR-PAN fabric has an excellent flame-retardant property and the combustion rate is significantly reduced. In addition, the char residue of the burned FR-PAN fabric is over 97%, indicating excellent char-forming ability.
Highlights
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers, one of the most important synthetic fibers, have a good reputation of synthetic wool, and are widely used in the textile industry
Benzophenone (BP), chitosan (CS), phosphorus acid (85%), and urea were obtained from Tianjin Guangfu fine Chemical Research Institute, Tianjin, China
The adsorption peak at 1732 cm−1 of the PAN-g-glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) fabric is enhanced greatly owing to the grafted GMA
Summary
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers, one of the most important synthetic fibers, have a good reputation of synthetic wool, and are widely used in the textile industry. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of PAN fibers is ca. 17%, making it one of the most combustible synthetic fibers. The development of flame-retardant PAN fibers or fabrics has become important and attracted extensive attention of researchers. Ultraviolet (UV) grafting technology has the advantages of low-cost, easy to control, mild reaction conditions, limited grafting to the surface of the material without destroying the matrix material, and has great industrial application prospects. We used UV-induced photo-grafting technology to impart PAN fabric flame retardancy. The LOI value of the treated fabric after 20 cycles of washing was 27.3%, showing good flame-retardant durability
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