Abstract
This paper presents a new type of black organic material-porous silica composite providing an extremely highly selective adsorption surface. This black composite was prepared by lamination on nano-sized pores with a carbon-like, π-extended structure, which can be converted via the on-site polymerization of 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene with a triazinane derivative and a thermally induced condensation reaction with denitrification. This bottom-up fabrication method on porous materials had the great advantage of maintaining the pore characteristics of a raw porous material, but also the resultant black surface exhibited an extremely high molecular-shape selectivity; for example, that for trans- and cis-stilbenes reached 14.0 with the black layer-laminated porous silica, whereas it was below 1.2 with simple hydrophobized silica.
Highlights
For a sustainable environment, there has been a universal requirement for selectivity enhancement in adsorbents in a wide range of research and industrial fields, and the surface modification of porous carrier materials has been widely investigated
Significant selectivity enhancement is observed for structural isomers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons when heteroatom-based non-ionic polar groups such as carbonyl units are integrated in polymer side chains that are in highly ordered states
Based on the fundamental observations in the polymerization progress, we carried out this polymerization in the presence of porous silica (5 μm and 12 nm in average diameter and pore size; specific surface area of 330 m2 g−1 in the catalog specifications), which had been mostly used as carrier particles for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Summary
There has been a universal requirement for selectivity enhancement in adsorbents in a wide range of research and industrial fields, and the surface modification of porous carrier materials has been widely investigated. The dense immobilization of functional groups such as ionic or polar groups containing heteroatoms in porous carrier materials is one of the simplest ways to achieve this purpose. Further selectivity enhancement can be successfully observed in macrocyclic compound-immobilized adsorbents [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10], whose high selectivity is achieved via the cyclic ordering of heteroatoms as interaction sources with a molecular pocket. Selectivity enhancement has been achieved by non-macrocyclic linear compounds when a weak interaction site is integrated with highly oriented structures. Significant selectivity enhancement is observed for structural isomers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons when heteroatom-based non-ionic polar groups such as carbonyl units are integrated in polymer side chains that are in highly ordered states. A commercial octadecylated silica (ODS) column (GL-science, Inertsil ODS-3, column size 150 × 4.6 mm i.d., with 5 μm particle size, 10 nm pore size, and 15% carbon loading) was used as the reference column
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