Fabrication of biogenic carbon-based materials from coconut husk for the eradication of dye

Abstract

The highly biocompatible nature of carbon dots (CQDs) and potential usage in waste water treatment makes them as one of the effective alternative for treating water pollution. Herein, biogenic carbon dots (CQDs) with size range of 2 nm were prepared from waste coconut husk as a precursor source. The hydrophilic nature and higher surface area of as prepared CQDs has further supported the superior adsorption efficiency of more than 90% for Victoria blue B (VB) dye from waste water samples. Different dye adsorption parameters including adsorbate and adsorbent dosage, pH of reaction media and equilibrium time have been optimized and found that 8 mg of adsorbent was sufficient to remove 70 mg VB dye in 4 mL aqueous solution in 60 min at pH = 7. The adsorption kinetic (2nd order) and isotherms (Freundlich-type) were well followed on prepared CQDs. The reusability studies up to 5 times with minimal decrement of 4% confirm the constancy of CQDs for the adsorptive removal of VB. The methodology presents a greener way for overcoming ecological issues with sustainable materials in an economical manner.