Abstract
Many studies of anisotropic wetting surfaces with directional structures inspired from rice leaves, bamboo leaves, and butterfly wings have been carried out because of their unique liquid shape control and transportation. In this study, a precision mechanical cutting process, ultra-precision machining using a single crystal diamond tool, was used to fabricate a mold with microscale directional patterns of triangular cross-sectional shape for good moldability, and the patterns were duplicated on a flat thermoplastic polymer plate by compression molding for the mass production of an anisotropic wetting polymer surface. Anisotropic wetting was observed only with microscale patterns, but the sliding of water could not be achieved because of the pinning effect of the micro-structure. Therefore, an additional dip coating process with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecythricholosilanes, and TiO2 nanoparticles was applied for a small sliding angle with nanoscale patterns and a low surface energy. The anisotropic superhydrophobic surface was fabricated and the surface morphology and anisotropic wetting behaviors were investigated. The suggested fabrication method can be used to mass produce an anisotropic superhydrophobic polymer surface, demonstrating the feasibility of liquid shape control and transportation.
Highlights
A superhydrophobic surface is defined as having a water droplet apparent contact angle above 150◦ and a sliding angle (SA) of less than 10◦ [1,2,3]
Additional dip coating with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecythricholosilanes, and TiO2 nanoparticles was applied for a small sliding angle of a water droplet by non-directional nanoscale structure formation and low surface energy
TheMorphology surface morphology of the mold fabricated by ultra‐precision machining using a single
Summary
A superhydrophobic surface is defined as having a water droplet apparent contact angle above 150◦ and a sliding angle (SA) of less than 10◦ [1,2,3]. Superhydrophobic surfaces have unique characteristics, such as self-cleaning, anti-icing, anti-bio-adhesion, oil-water separation, water collection, drag reduction, and liquid droplet control. Superhydrophobic surfaces have been observed in nature including lotus leaves, tulip poplar leaves, rice leaves, and butterfly wings [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Lotus leaves are typical isotropic superhydrophobic surfaces which can clean dust on the leaves by easy rolling of water droplets along all directions. Rice leaves and butterfly wings have special anisotropic wettability and the water droplet can be moved along a certain direction, such as the direction parallel to the leaf edge in rice leaves or the radial
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