Abstract
The use of secondary raw materials in metallurgical processes such as steelmaking is an important contribution to the circular economy aspired to by EU members and many other countries. The agglomeration of dusts, fines and sludges is an important pretreatment step to enable the use of these materials in subsequent melting processes, such as steelmaking in electric arc furnaces (EAFs). It also reduces the amount of by-products and waste materials that are currently waste for disposal and are landfilled. The presented research is part of the Fines2EAF project, which aims to increase the value of steelmaking residues by internal recycling and use or reuse in the form of agglomerates. The approach followed in this project is the use of a hydraulic stamp press and alternative binder systems to produce cement-free agglomerates. The first results of lab-scale agglomeration tests of six different recipes with varying pressing forces are presented in this paper. It is shown that the addition of fibres from paper recycling has a strong effect on the cold compression stability of the agglomerates, by far exceeding other effects such as increased pressing force. Overall, the agglomerates produced in the lab show promising characteristics, for example, cold compression stability and abrasion resistance, which should allow for use in EAF steelmaking.
Highlights
IntroductionThe aim of the project is to find an easy and flexible on-site solution for the agglomeration of fine materials, which accrue in low quantities in steel plants
Water content measurement was performed at 105 ◦ C, dwelling the samples overnight in the furnace; loss of ignition (LOI) was measured at 550 ◦ C, dwelling the samples for 2 h; and carbonates concentration was measured at 1050 ◦ C, dwelling the samples for 2 h
It is shown that the addition of fibres from paper recycling has a strong effect on the cold compression stability of the agglomerates, by far exceeding other effects such as increased pressing force
Summary
The aim of the project is to find an easy and flexible on-site solution for the agglomeration of fine materials, which accrue in low quantities in steel plants. Beyond the technical challenges of agglomerate fine materials, the solution has to be low cost to fulfil the. Sci. 2019, 9, 3946 requirement of economic efficiency. The stamp press is the central element of the investigated process chain
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