Fabrication, characterization of polyaniline intercalated NiO nanocomposites and application in the development of non-enzymatic glucose biosensor

Abstract

Determination of glucose plays very important part in diagnostics and management of diabetes. Nowadays, determination of glucose is necessary in human health. In order to develop the glucose biosensor, polymer modified catalytic composites were fabricated and used to detect glucose molecules. In this work, NiO nanostructure metal oxide (NMO) was fabricated via thermal decomposition method and polyaniline (wt% = 2, 4 and 6) assisted nanocomposites (NiO/PANI) were also prepared. The morphology and structure of synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by UV–visible diffusion reflectance spectroscopy (UV–vis-DRS), Fourier transform- infra red spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm measurement. The modified NiO/6%PANI/GCE had higher catalytic activity toward the oxidation of glucose than NiO/GCE, PANI/GCE, NiO/2%PANI/GCE and NiO/4%PANI/GCE. This is due to the larger surface area of NiO/6%PANI nanocomposites provide a ploform for faster electron transfer to the detection of glucose. The constructed glucose biosensor have been exhibited a high sensitivity of 606.13 µA mM−1 cm−2, lowest detection limit of 0.19 µM, high selectivity, stability, simplicity and low cost for the quick detection of glucose in real sample as well.